Recently, columnist Dana Kelley voiced support for the Bush
Administration's anti-drug campaign. Mr. Kelley found their two $3.2 million
Superbowl ads just the thing for his tax dollars, part of the billions so far
invested in drug prohibition. But guilt, fear, and threat of punishment have not
previously and will not in the future accomplish anything toward reducing the
harm caused by drugs.
We understand the government's strategy in linking drug use to terrorism – the
war on terrorism is popular, and they'd like to spread that popularity onto the
increasingly criticized War on Drugs.
While it is true that terrorists have enjoyed financial gain by playing the Drug
War Game, virtually none of the gain came from money spent by U.S. kids trying
to get high. The opium/heroin derived from Afghan poppy crops is marketed in
Europe, as are most Middle Eastern drugs. And besides, any small portion of the
Asian or African drug profit that might come from U. S. drug users is
overshadowed by money paid directly to terrorists by the U. S. government for
playing on the right side of the Drug War Game. Just less than a year ago, we
gave $43 million to the Taliban for beating down poppy-farming Afghan peasants,
without doubt just one of many similar payments.
We're happy to hear that Mr. Kelley visits our website (www.dpeg.org), where he
read a columnist's criticism of the ads. That criticism was well founded. If the
Drug War Game came to a screeching halt tomorrow, there would be no black market
generating drug trade profits. There would be no reason for our government to
donate millions of tax dollars to terrorist organizations. With no money from
drug trade, terrorist organizations would be left to survive on the profits they
garner from the oil and diamond business.
But perhaps a more serious flaw in the thinking of Mr. Kelley and friends is
their inability to distinguish between drug use and drug abuse and their
continuing attempt to frame drug use/abuse as a moral failing.
Despite the effort to draw a line around prohibited drugs, no such line exists.
If we talk about intoxicating drugs, then we must include alcohol. This rules
out drug prohibition as a moral effort to stamp out intoxication. If we talk
about the dangers of inhaling smoke, then we must include cigarettes. This rules
out drug prohibition as an effort to protect people's health. If we look at the
origins of drug prohibition, we find the laws are about racial prejudice more
than research, about diverting the temperance movement away from alcohol, about
jobs for agency men trained to raid illegal gin joints.
Substance use is not substance abuse. Where "substance" is defined as a
consumable material with mind-altering and/or intoxicating effects, substance
use is at least as old as humanity and consists of controlled medical,
recreational, or spiritual utilization. Substance "abuse" is utilization that is
out-of-control to the point that key aspects of a person's life have become
neglected, damaged, or otherwise harmed. It is substance "abuse" if the person's
actions have become harmful to others or to the property of others. Substance
abuse usually involves escalating or excessive dosage levels.
Substance use does not inexorably lead to substance abuse. If it did, over 70
million Americans who have smoked marijuana would now all be smoking crack in an
alleyway. About 11 million Americans admit to smoking marijuana within the last
month, but less than 2 million Americans have used cocaine in the last month,
less than 415,000 have used crack, and less than 210,000 have used heroin.
Substance users are largely responsible, hard-working citizens.
Drug warriors enjoy theorizing that based on the alcohol model, we can assume
that legal, regulated markets for currently-illegal drugs would escalate
violence and crime. This theory sees prohibition as a dam, holding back hordes
longing to stick needles in their arms. But anyone who wants prohibited drugs
gets them already.
This theory also fails to account for different characteristics of drugs. More
than one observer has opined that if Cannabis replaced alcohol as the national
recreational drug, violence and car accidents would drop off the charts.
Marijuana produces a mild, euphoric intoxication – the user feels relaxed and
somewhat passive. No bar fights there, no beating up the wife and kids. Studies
show persons intoxicated on marijuana are less likely to have auto accidents
than persons intoxicated on alcohol, not that anyone intoxicated should drive.
Virtually all violent crime and human misery – gang wars, murder, theft,
assault, and the spread of disease – are harms associated with illegal drugs as
a result of prohibition, not the effects of the drugs.
Substance abuse is a health problem, not a moral issue. In our society, where
adults supposedly enjoy the freedom of self-determination, substance use can
never be eliminated. And when, for reasons of brain chemistry or circumstance, a
person slips into substance abuse, the remedy is help and healing for body and
mind, not counterproductive guilt and prison time.
Denele Campbell
Denele Campbell is the Executive Director of the Drug Policy Education Group, Inc.
Guest editorial Arkansas Democrat-Gazette 2/26/2002